Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Who does the President Represent?

During the year-plus campaigning phase, presidential candidates try to make connections with the American people.  They do this by trying to keep their ideas as non-polarizing as possible (center on the political spectrum) and pandering to swing states and key demographic groups.  Once elected though, does the president really care about these people anymore?  Clearly nobody will do a complete 180 and admit to having lied their way through the campaign, but to what degree do they return to their base and their ideological ideas?  This is the reality, but in an ideal representative democracy who would the president support?  The answer clearly is the people, but it is much more sophisticated than that.  Clearly a far right wing conservative will not suddenly see it as his obligation to consider much less act on the views of a left wing liberal.  But, then the question becomes whether they should take into account the views of the independant citizens.  If they are up for election, they are probably more likely to pander to these people.  Otherwise the only time they need to consider views different than theirs is if they need to negotiate with a congress majority of a different party than them.  This is probably not ideal, but unless you hold elections every year, there is really know way around it.
    Throughout history we have seen different presidents have various styles of representing Americans.  Some have seen it as their right to obey the wishes of the American people and allow their agendas to be influenced by the people's opinion.  Others reject this theory and set their own agenda.  Then, some switch back and forth depending on whether the issue is of particular relevance to Americans.  I see merits in all of these positions.  The first would have the president being a trustee and it makes sense from the standpoint of the people elected them to make the decisions in the first place so they have full reign.  While possibly butting heads with the American value of equality, the president is hopefully a wiser person than the average American and should be able to make a sounder decision than Joe Schmo who has limited information and in some cases wrong information.  This is especially true in regards to national security where the public does not and should not have very much information.  The positive to a trustee is that the public opinion is constantly evolving and the public views that got you elected as far back at almost four years ago might have changed.  At the very least, you would hope the president is as dynamic as the general public and can adapt his views when in office.
      Such a president who adapts their views and does so in correspondence with the American people would be a delegate president.  One reason a president would want to be a delegate is they would probably be setting themselves up best for a reelection run.  But, then the question becomes if the views of the people are those that will make America most successful.  My answer to this would be most of the time Americans are wrong.  There are definitely times when the American people have a overall view that would be unsuccessful yet is popular because it seems right.  But, this is where the president must use his intelligence to make the best decision.  If it works out the president is applauded for for being a strong leader, and if it fails it is up to the president to plead his case to the American people as to why he chose the rout he did.
   The third route a president can take is that of a politico.  This is when a president cares about representing American views when they are hot button issues and otherwise reserves the right to make his own decision.  This makes sense from the standpoint of reelection as you can't go against too many popular opinions and be elected.  There are, however, popular topics in which the president should probably reserve the right to make up his own mind.  This is generally a hybrid of the two previous presidential types and therefore I don't see it as a horrible route to go.
      Other factors to consider in regards to who the president represents begin and end with who elects him.  Until many demographic groups start voting it is reasonable to assume that most presidents will somewhat disregard their needs.  This gives a larger amount of power to those groups that do vote.  This could change if a situation came about for descriptive representation.  In this situation the group this presidential candidate would represent would most likely come out to vote.  But, I am not in favor of making the presidency into a tool for social change.  The person best suited to lead this country should be elected president. End of story.  It is bad if 50 years from now the only thing we remember about Barack Obama is that he was the first black president.

4 comments:

  1. You made a great point about the positive side of being a trustee is that public opinion is constantly changing and to have a delegate president we'd need to have elections every year which is ineffective. However, I disagree with your stance of the presidency not being a tool for social change--if anything, the president should serve as the face of a country and if he or she embodies the change people want, then that's great and exactly what his job should entail.

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  3. I may have missed it, but do you ever say which of the three forms of representation you most support?

    Aside from that, I really like the way you laid out all three options and explained positives and negatives behind them. I really like the way you described the trustee, probably because that's the one I support most, with your statement that the American people's opinions evolve over time and that we can't really have a President who just sits around and lets their positions evolve as well.

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  4. I have to agree with Logan and don't understand which of the three representational forms you contend the president should uphold.
    Aside from this, i really like the neutral position you took on all three...it really clarified all representation and what the positives/negatives are in each one.

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